Configuration d'une install automatique pour Ubuntu
Un article de Casys (Canadian Sysadmins).
Auteur: Thomas Boutry
Sommaire |
Description
Suite a la configuration du serveur PXE pour réalisé des installations par le réseau, voici la documentation pour que cette installation soit réalisé automatiquement. Ceci vous permettra d'installé un grand nombre de machine sans être obligé de répondre a toutes les questions de l'installation. Ceci permettra aussi d'Avoir un setup uniforme de toutes vos machines.
Pour réalisé ce setup nous utiliserons le système preseed fournie par debian, il est aussi possible d'utilisé le système kickstart développé par Redhat malheureusement plusieurs option ne sont pas disponible pour Ubuntu. Un example la configuration du RAID software. Le fichier preseed sera récupéré sur un serveur web, lors d'une installation réseaux il n'est pas possible de définir un path vers le fichier :(.
Prérequis: - Avoir un serveur PXE - Avoir un serveur WEB.
pour le setup du serveur PXE avec la configuration de l'installation de Ubuntu par le réseaux consulté cette page Installation serveur PXE pour installation
- Petit problème :
- Le setup pour Intrepid pose encore 3 questions a corrigé prochainement.
- j'utilise kickstart pour le setup du clavier je n'ai pas réussie avec preseed :(.
Réalisation du fichier Preseed
Telle que mentionné plus haut le fichier preseed sera récupéré sur un serveur web, je pars du principe qu'un serveur web est mis en place sur la machine.
Fichier Pour le Desktop
- Edition du fichier preseed pour le desktop
sudo vi /var/www/preseed-ubuntu-desktop.txt
FICHIER:
#### Contents of the preconfiguration file
### Localization
# Locale sets language and country.
d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
# Keyboard selection.
# Disable automatic (interactive) keymap detection.
#o-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
#d-i console-setup/modelcode string pc105
#d-i console-setup/layoutcode string us
# To select a variant of the selected layout (if you leave this out, the
# basic form of the layout will be used):
#d-i console-setup/variantcode string dvorak
### Network configuration
# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it
# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.
d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
# To pick a particular interface instead:
#d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1
# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for
# it, this might be useful.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60
# If you prefer to configure the network manually, uncomment this line and
# the static network configuration below.
#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true
# If you want the preconfiguration file to work on systems both with and
# without a dhcp server, uncomment these lines and the static network
# configuration below.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually
# Static network configuration.
#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1
#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42
#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0
#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1
#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true
# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over
# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions
# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp.
d-i netcfg/get_hostname string hostname
d-i netcfg/get_domain string xerus.net
# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.
d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string
# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish
### Mirror settings
# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set.
d-i mirror/protocol string http
d-i mirror/country string CA
#d-i mirror/http/hostname string 192.168.0.2
#d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com
# Ubuntu archive mirror:
# # Choices: ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/mirror select ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu/
d-i mirror/http/proxy string
# FTP proxy information (blank for none):
d-i mirror/ftp/proxy string
# Suite to install.
#d-i mirror/suite string &releasename;
#d-i mirror/suite select hardy
# codename for the selected suite (for internal use)
#d-i mirror/codename string hardy
#
# Suite to use for loading installer components (optional).
#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string hardy
# Components to use for loading installer components (optional).
#d-i mirror/udeb/components multiselect main, restricted
#apt-setup-udeb apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
#d-i preseed/include_command string
# for internal use; can be preseeded
#apt-setup-udeb apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.com
#d-i debian-installer/main-menu select Finish the installation
d-i console-setup/codeset select Latin1
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/proposed boolean false
#d-i mirror/suite select hardy
#-i mirror/codename string hardy
# Ubuntu archive mirror:
# apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/use_mirror boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/restricted boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/universe boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/contrib boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/backports boolean true
# Continue without a network mirror?
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/no_mirror boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/contrib boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
### Clock and time zone setup
# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.
#clock-setup clock-setup/ntp boolean true
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true
# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of
# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for valid values.
d-i time/zone string Canada/Eastern
# Controls whether to use NTP to set the clock during the install
d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
# NTP server to use. The default is almost always fine here.
d-i clock-setup/ntp-server ntp.ubuntu.com
### Partitioning
# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.
# Alternatives: custom, some_device, some_device_crypto, some_device_lvm.
#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select biggest_free
# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name must
# be given in traditional non-devfs format.
# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk:
#
#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
# Note: If you want to use whatever disk is available, no matter
# what its device name, comment the line above out. This will only work if
# the system only has one disk.
# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use.
# The presently available methods are: "regular", "lvm" and "crypto"
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned
# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a
# warning. This can be preseeded away...
d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true
# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions.
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes.
# atomic: All files in one partition (recommended for new users)
# home: Separate /home partition
# multi: Separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions
# small_disk (alpha architecture only):
# Small-disk (< 1GB) partitioning scheme
#
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select home
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select multi
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select small_disk
# Or provide a recipe of your own...
# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe.txt.
# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can
# just point at it.
#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe
# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in one
# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable
# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition:
#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
# boot-root :: \
# 1000 1024 1024 ext3 \
# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \
# method{ format } format{ } \
# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
# mountpoint{ /tmp } \
# . \
# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \
# method{ format } format{ } \
# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
# mountpoint{ / } \
# . \
# 64 512 300% linux-swap \
# method{ swap } format{ } \
# .
# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided
# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above.
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
### Base system installation
# Select the initramfs generator used to generate the initrd for 2.6 kernels.
#d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird
# The kernel image (meta) package to be installed; "none" can be used if no
# kernel is to be installed.
#d-i base-installer/kernel/image linux-generic
### Account setup
# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to
# use sudo). The default is false; preseed this to true if you want to set
# a root password.
#d-i passwd/root-login boolean false
# Alternatively, to skip creation of a normal user account.
#d-i passwd/make-user boolean false
# Root password, either in clear text
#d-i passwd/root-password password r00tme
#d-i passwd/root-password-again password r00tme
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
# To create a normal user account.
#d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu User
#d-i passwd/username string ubuntu
# Normal user's password, either in clear text
#d-i passwd/user-password password insecure
#d-i passwd/user-password-again password insecure
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
# Create the first user with the specified UID instead of the default.
#d-i passwd/user-uid string 1010
#d-i passwd/userfullname string dsheffner
#d-i passwd/user-password password password
#d-i passwd/user-password-again password password
d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu Server Administrator
d-i passwd/username string ubuntuadmin
d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password $1$oYK1Adewqd3PYXp3IipBR54vrgvrevev0
# The user account will be added to some standard initial groups. To
# override that, use this.
#d-i passwd/user-default-groups string audio cdrom video
### Apt setup
# You can choose to install restricted and universe software, or to install
# software from the backports repository.
d-i apt-setup/restricted boolean true
d-i apt-setup/universe boolean true
#d-i apt-setup/backports boolean true
# Uncomment this if you don't want to use a network mirror.
d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false
# Select which update services to use; define the mirrors to be used.
# Values shown below are the normal defaults.
d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.com
d-i apt-setup/security_path string /ubuntu
# Additional repositories, local[0-9] available
#d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string \
# http://local.server/ubuntu &releasename; main
#d-i apt-setup/local0/comment string local server
# Enable deb-src lines
#d-i apt-setup/local0/source boolean true
# URL to the public key of the local repository; you must provide a key or
# apt will complain about the unauthenticated repository and so the
# sources.list line will be left commented out
#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string http://local.server/key
# By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated
# using a known gpg key. This setting can be used to disable that
# authentication. Warning: Insecure, not recommended.
#d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated string true
### Package selection
#@tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-desktop
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-desktop
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-server
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, lamp-server
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, kubuntu-desktop
# Individual additional packages to install
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
# Language pack selection
#d-i pkgsel/language-packs multiselect ca, fr
# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have
# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,
# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most
# popular and include it on CDs.
#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false
### Boot loader installation
# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed
# instead, uncomment this:
#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true
# To also skip installing lilo, and install no bootloader, uncomment this
# too:
#d-i lilo-installer/skip boolean true
# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the MBR
# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if it also finds some other
# OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,
# uncomment and edit these lines:
#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)
# To install grub to multiple disks:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0) (hd1,0) (hd2,0)
# On systems where unauthorized users have access at boot time, you may want
# to set a GRUB password, either in clear text
#d-i grub-installer/password password insecure
#d-i grub-installer/password-again password insecure
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
### Finishing up the installation
# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.
d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,
# which is useful in some situations.
#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false
# This is how to make the installer shutdown when finished, but not
# reboot into the installed system.
#d-i debian-installer/exit/halt boolean true
### X configuration
# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,
# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa
# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it
# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of
# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true
# Monitor autodetection is recommended.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true
# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true
# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed
# the "medium" path, which is always available. The "simple" path may not
# be available, and the "advanced" path asks too many questions.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method \
# select medium
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list \
# select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz
### Preseeding other packages
# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong
# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may
# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every
# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an
# installation, and then run these commands:
# debconf-get-selections --installer > file
# debconf-get-selections >> file
#### Advanced options
### Running custom commands during the installation
# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks
# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a
# preconfiguration file like this one. Only use preconfiguration files from
# trusted locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful,
# here's a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,
# automatically.
# This first command is run as early as possible, just after
# preseeding is read.
#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb
# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is
# still a usable /target directory. You can chroot to /target and use it
# directly, or use the apt-install and in-target commands to easily install
# packages and run commands in the target system.
#d-i preseed/late_command string apt-install zsh; in-target chsh -s /bin/zsh
Explication du fichier preseed pour le desktop
Je vais rapidement couvrir les points important cependant je vous invite a consulter le site de debian pour une documentation complète:
- http://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/Preseed
- http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/apb.html.en
- Nous sommes situé au Canada donc le mirroir que j'utilise ainsi que le timezone définie:
d-i mirror/country string CA d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com d-i mirror/http/mirror select ca.archive.ubuntu.com d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu/ d-i time/zone string Canada/Eastern
Actuellement j'utilise les mirroirs ubuntu sur internet pour les installations cependant si vous avez beaucoup de serveur ou workstation a installé je vous conseille de réalisé un mirroir ubuntu local.
- Pour le partitionnement , je laisse le setup par default de ubuntu
d-i partman-auto/method string regular d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
- Je crée l'usagé ubuntuadmin qui sera mon usagé sudoER pour l'administrateur
d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu Server Administrator d-i passwd/username string ubuntuadmin d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password $1$oYK1AT8X$FdxPYXp3Iipioewhuikhfiew
- J'install le group de package Standard et le desktop
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-desktop
- En plus j'Ajoute 2 package openssh-server et les utilitaires de compilation.
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
Fichier pour le serveur
- Edition du fichier preseed pour le server
sudo vi /var/www/preseed-ubuntu-srv.txt
FICHIER:
#### Contents of the preconfiguration file
### Localization
# Locale sets language and country.
d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
# Keyboard selection.
# Disable automatic (interactive) keymap detection.
d-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
d-i console-setup/modelcode string pc105
d-i console-setup/layoutcode string us
# To select a variant of the selected layout (if you leave this out, the
# basic form of the layout will be used):
#d-i console-setup/variantcode string dvorak
### Network configuration
# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it
# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface.
d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
# To pick a particular interface instead:
#d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1
# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for
# it, this might be useful.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60
# If you prefer to configure the network manually, uncomment this line and
# the static network configuration below.
#d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true
# If you want the preconfiguration file to work on systems both with and
# without a dhcp server, uncomment these lines and the static network
# configuration below.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually
# Static network configuration.
#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1
#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42
#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0
#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1
#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true
# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over
# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions
# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp.
d-i netcfg/get_hostname string hostname
d-i netcfg/get_domain string xerus.net
# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog.
d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string
# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts.
#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish
### Mirror settings
# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set.
d-i mirror/protocol string http
d-i mirror/country string CA
#d-i mirror/http/hostname string 192.168.0.2
#d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com
# Ubuntu archive mirror:
# # Choices: ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/mirror select ca.archive.ubuntu.com
d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu/
d-i mirror/http/proxy string
# FTP proxy information (blank for none):
d-i mirror/ftp/proxy string
# Suite to install.
#d-i mirror/suite string &releasename;
#d-i mirror/suite select hardy
# codename for the selected suite (for internal use)
#d-i mirror/codename string hardy
#
# Suite to use for loading installer components (optional).
#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string hardy
# Components to use for loading installer components (optional).
#d-i mirror/udeb/components multiselect main, restricted
#apt-setup-udeb apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
#d-i preseed/include_command string
# for internal use; can be preseeded
#apt-setup-udeb apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.com
#d-i debian-installer/main-menu select Finish the installation
d-i console-setup/codeset select Latin1
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/proposed boolean false
#d-i mirror/suite select hardy
#-i mirror/codename string hardy
# Ubuntu archive mirror:
# apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/use_mirror boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/restricted boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/universe boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/contrib boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/backports boolean true
# Continue without a network mirror?
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/no_mirror boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/contrib boolean false
#apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
### Clock and time zone setup
# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC.
#clock-setup clock-setup/ntp boolean true
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true
# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of
# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for valid values.
d-i time/zone string Canada/Eastern
# Controls whether to use NTP to set the clock during the install
d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
# NTP server to use. The default is almost always fine here.
d-i clock-setup/ntp-server ntp.ubuntu.com
### Partitioning
# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space.
# Alternatives: custom, some_device, some_device_crypto, some_device_lvm.
#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select biggest_free
# Alternatively, you can specify a disk to partition. The device name must
# be given in traditional non-devfs format.
# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk:
#
#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
# Note: If you want to use whatever disk is available, no matter
# what its device name, comment the line above out. This will only work if
# the system only has one disk.
# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use.
# The presently available methods are: "regular", "lvm" and "crypto"
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned
# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a
# warning. This can be preseeded away...
d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true
# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions.
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
# You can choose from any of the predefined partitioning recipes.
# atomic: All files in one partition (recommended for new users)
# home: Separate /home partition
# multi: Separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions
# small_disk (alpha architecture only):
# Small-disk (< 1GB) partitioning scheme
#
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select home
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select multi
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select small_disk
# Or provide a recipe of your own...
# The recipe format is documented in the file devel/partman-auto-recipe.txt.
# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can
# just point at it.
#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe
# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in one
# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable
# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition:
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
boot-root :: \
1000 1024 1024 ext3 \
$primary{ } $bootable{ } \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ /tmp } \
. \
500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ / } \
. \
64 512 300% linux-swap \
method{ swap } format{ } \
.
# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided
# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above.
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
### Base system installation
# Select the initramfs generator used to generate the initrd for 2.6 kernels.
#d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird
# The kernel image (meta) package to be installed; "none" can be used if no
# kernel is to be installed.
#d-i base-installer/kernel/image linux-generic
### Account setup
# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to
# use sudo). The default is false; preseed this to true if you want to set
# a root password.
#d-i passwd/root-login boolean false
# Alternatively, to skip creation of a normal user account.
#d-i passwd/make-user boolean false
# Root password, either in clear text
#d-i passwd/root-password password r00tme
#d-i passwd/root-password-again password r00tme
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
# To create a normal user account.
#d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu User
#d-i passwd/username string ubuntu
# Normal user's password, either in clear text
#d-i passwd/user-password password insecure
#d-i passwd/user-password-again password insecure
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
# Create the first user with the specified UID instead of the default.
#d-i passwd/user-uid string 1010
#d-i passwd/userfullname string dsheffner
#d-i passwd/user-password password password
#d-i passwd/user-password-again password password
d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu Server Administrator
d-i passwd/username string ubuntuadmin
d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password $1$oYK1AT8X$FdxPYfrefrkhekhrrgrehg
# The user account will be added to some standard initial groups. To
# override that, use this.
#d-i passwd/user-default-groups string audio cdrom video
### Apt setup
# You can choose to install restricted and universe software, or to install
# software from the backports repository.
d-i apt-setup/restricted boolean true
d-i apt-setup/universe boolean true
#d-i apt-setup/backports boolean true
# Uncomment this if you don't want to use a network mirror.
d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false
# Select which update services to use; define the mirrors to be used.
# Values shown below are the normal defaults.
d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.com
d-i apt-setup/security_path string /ubuntu
# Additional repositories, local[0-9] available
#d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string \
# http://local.server/ubuntu &releasename; main
#d-i apt-setup/local0/comment string local server
# Enable deb-src lines
#d-i apt-setup/local0/source boolean true
# URL to the public key of the local repository; you must provide a key or
# apt will complain about the unauthenticated repository and so the
# sources.list line will be left commented out
#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string http://local.server/key
# By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated
# using a known gpg key. This setting can be used to disable that
# authentication. Warning: Insecure, not recommended.
#d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated string true
### Package selection
#@tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-desktop
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-desktop
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-server
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, lamp-server
#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, kubuntu-desktop
# Individual additional packages to install
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
# Language pack selection
#d-i pkgsel/language-packs multiselect ca, fr
# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have
# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,
# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most
# popular and include it on CDs.
#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false
### Boot loader installation
# Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed
# instead, uncomment this:
#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true
# To also skip installing lilo, and install no bootloader, uncomment this
# too:
#d-i lilo-installer/skip boolean true
# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the MBR
# if no other operating system is detected on the machine.
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBR if it also finds some other
# OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to boot that other OS.
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,
# uncomment and edit these lines:
#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0)
# To install grub to multiple disks:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,0) (hd1,0) (hd2,0)
# On systems where unauthorized users have access at boot time, you may want
# to set a GRUB password, either in clear text
#d-i grub-installer/password password insecure
#d-i grub-installer/password-again password insecure
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash.
#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]
### Finishing up the installation
# Avoid that last message about the install being complete.
d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot,
# which is useful in some situations.
#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false
# This is how to make the installer shutdown when finished, but not
# reboot into the installed system.
#d-i debian-installer/exit/halt boolean true
### X configuration
# X can detect the right driver for some cards, but if you're preseeding,
# you override whatever it chooses. Still, vesa will work most places.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/device/driver select vesa
# A caveat with mouse autodetection is that if it fails, X will retry it
# over and over. So if it's preseeded to be done, there is a possibility of
# an infinite loop if the mouse is not autodetected.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_mouse boolean true
# Monitor autodetection is recommended.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/autodetect_monitor boolean true
# Uncomment if you have an LCD display.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/lcd boolean true
# X has three configuration paths for the monitor. Here's how to preseed
# the "medium" path, which is always available. The "simple" path may not
# be available, and the "advanced" path asks too many questions.
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/selection-method \
# select medium
#xserver-xorg xserver-xorg/config/monitor/mode-list \
# select 1024x768 @ 60 Hz
### Preseeding other packages
# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong
# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may
# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every
# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an
# installation, and then run these commands:
# debconf-get-selections --installer > file
# debconf-get-selections >> file
#### Advanced options
### Running custom commands during the installation
# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks
# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a
# preconfiguration file like this one. Only use preconfiguration files from
# trusted locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful,
# here's a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer,
# automatically.
# This first command is run as early as possible, just after
# preseeding is read.
#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb
# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is
# still a usable /target directory. You can chroot to /target and use it
# directly, or use the apt-install and in-target commands to easily install
# packages and run commands in the target system.
#d-i preseed/late_command string apt-install zsh; in-target chsh -s /bin/zsh
Explication du fichier preseed pour le serveur
- Le setup pour le mirroir et le timezone est identique au desktop
d-i mirror/http/hostname string ca.archive.ubuntu.com d-i mirror/http/mirror select ca.archive.ubuntu.com d-i mirror/http/directory string /ubuntu/ d-i time/zone string Canada/Eastern
- Nous retrouvons l'usagé ubuntuadmin
d-i passwd/user-fullname string Ubuntu Server Administrator d-i passwd/username string ubuntuadmin d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password $1$oYK1AT8X$FdxPYfregvevtrR54qvcerrfsG0
- Les packages d'installation sont cependant pas les meme , j'utilise le group ubuntu-server et non dekstop.
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ubuntu-server d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
- Mais la différence majeur et dans le partitionnement
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
boot-root :: \
1000 1024 1024 ext3 \
$primary{ } $bootable{ } \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ /tmp } \
. \
500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \
method{ format } format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \
mountpoint{ / } \
. \
64 512 300% linux-swap \
method{ swap } format{ } \
.
Ici je réalise un /tmp de 1024 en ext3
Je réalise un swap de 1.5% de la mémoire
et le reste de l'espace pour le /
Bien entendu il pourra être intéraissant d'avoir plusieurs fichier preseed selon la tache du serveur.
Réalisation du fichier Kickstart
Ici J'ai utilisé le fichier kickstart car j'avais un gros PROBLEME, lors des installations mon clavier était mal détecté et malheureusement je n'ai pas encore trouvé la solution a mon problème. Ici c'est une patch que j'espere corriger sous peu :).
- Création du fichier kickstart:
vi /var/www/ks-ubuntu.txt
FICHIER:
# System language lang en_US # System keyboard keyboard us # System
Modification de la configation du serveur PXE
- Nous allons modifier la configuration pour qu'il aille cherché les fichiers preseed et kickstart .
sudo rcsdiff /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default sudo co -l /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default sudo vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
CONTENU:
LABEL Ubuntu_hardy_server
kernel ubuntu/hardy/i386/linux
append locale=en_CA console-setup/layoutcode=us netcfg/wireless_wep= netcfg/choose_interface=eth0 ks=http://10.10.10.10/ks-ubuntu.txt preseed/url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-srv.txt url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-srv.txt vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/hardy/i386/initrd.gz --
LABEL Ubuntu_hardy_desktop
kernel ubuntu/hardy/i386/linux
append locale=en_CA console-setup/layoutcode=en_CA netcfg/wireless_wep= netcfg/choose_interface=eth0 ks=http://10.10.10.10/ks-ubuntu.txt preseed/url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-desktop.txt url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-desktop.txt vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/hardy/i386/initrd.gz --
LABEL Ubuntu_intrepid_server
kernel ubuntu/intrepid/i386/linux
append locale=en_CA console-setup/layoutcode=en_CA netcfg/wireless_wep= netcfg/choose_interface=eth0 preseed/url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-srv.txt url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-srv.txt vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/intrepid/i386/initrd.gz --
LABEL Ubuntu_intrepid_desktop
kernel ubuntu/intrepid/i386/linux
append locale=en_CA console-setup/layoutcode=en_CA netcfg/wireless_wep= netcfg/choose_interface=eth0 preseed/url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-desktop.txt url=http://10.10.10.10/preseed-ubuntu-desktop.txt vga=normal initrd=ubuntu/intrepid/i386/initrd.gz --
- Commit les changements.
sudo ci -u /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
et maintenant faut tester :D
